195_auto_price

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	16
Number of observations	159
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	20.0 KiB
Average record size in memory	128.8 B

Variable types

NUM	16

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-08-24 23:51:14.228402
Analysis finished	2020-08-24 23:51:51.151448
Duration	36.92 seconds
Version	pandas-profiling v2.8.0
Command line	`pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv]`
Download configuration	config.yaml

Warnings

`highway-mpg` is highly correlated with `city-mpg`	High correlation
`city-mpg` is highly correlated with `highway-mpg`	High correlation

symboling
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	6
Unique (%)	3.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.7358490566037736
Minimum	1.0
Maximum	6.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	2
Q1	3
median	4
Q3	5
95-th percentile	6
Maximum	6
Range	5
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.193085725
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3193613304
Kurtosis	-0.5282326292
Mean	3.735849057
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	0.09495033424
Sum	594
Variance	1.423453547

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	48	30.2%
4	46	28.9%
5	29	18.2%
2	20	12.6%
6	13	8.2%
1	3	1.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	3	1.9%
2	20	12.6%
3	48	30.2%
4	46	28.9%
5	29	18.2%
6	13	8.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	13	8.2%
5	29	18.2%
4	46	28.9%
3	48	30.2%
2	20	12.6%
1	3	1.9%

normalized-losses
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	51
Unique (%)	32.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	121.13207547169812
Minimum	65.0
Maximum	256.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	65
5-th percentile	74
Q1	94
median	113
Q3	148
95-th percentile	188.4
Maximum	256
Range	191
Interquartile range (IQR)	54

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	35.65128457
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2943174583
Kurtosis	0.6231702076
Mean	121.1320755
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	22
Skewness	0.8357663846
Sum	19260
Variance	1271.014091

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
161	11	6.9%
91	8	5.0%
128	6	3.8%
104	6	3.8%
134	6	3.8%
95	5	3.1%
168	5	3.1%
74	5	3.1%
85	5	3.1%
102	5	3.1%
103	5	3.1%
65	5	3.1%
94	5	3.1%
93	4	2.5%
118	4	2.5%
122	4	2.5%
106	4	2.5%
101	3	1.9%
137	3	1.9%
115	3	1.9%
148	3	1.9%
125	3	1.9%
83	3	1.9%
154	3	1.9%
150	3	1.9%
Other values (26)	42	26.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
65	5	3.1%
74	5	3.1%
77	1	0.6%
78	1	0.6%
81	2	1.3%
83	3	1.9%
85	5	3.1%
87	2	1.3%
89	2	1.3%
90	1	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
256	1	0.6%
231	1	0.6%
197	2	1.3%
194	2	1.3%
192	2	1.3%
188	2	1.3%
186	1	0.6%
168	5	3.1%
164	2	1.3%
161	11	6.9%

wheel-base
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	40
Unique (%)	25.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	98.26415079944539
Minimum	86.5999984741211
Maximum	115.5999984741211
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	86.59999847
5-th percentile	93.09999847
Q1	94.5
median	96.90000153
Q3	100.7999992
95-th percentile	109.0999985
Maximum	115.5999985
Range	29
Interquartile range (IQR)	6.299999237

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5.167416579
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.05258699675
Kurtosis	0.6367818439
Mean	98.2641508
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.400001526
Skewness	0.9147496948
Sum	15623.99998
Variance	26.7021941

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
93.69999695	19	11.9%
94.5	17	10.7%
95.69999695	13	8.2%
96.5	8	5.0%
97.30000305	7	4.4%
107.9000015	6	3.8%
98.40000153	6	3.8%
99.09999847	6	3.8%
104.3000031	6	3.8%
96.30000305	6	3.8%
98.80000305	5	3.1%
109.0999985	5	3.1%
93.09999847	5	3.1%
97.19999695	5	3.1%
102.4000015	5	3.1%
97	4	2.5%
101.1999969	4	2.5%
100.4000015	3	1.9%
86.59999847	2	1.3%
102.9000015	2	1.3%
103.3000031	2	1.3%
110	2	1.3%
91.30000305	2	1.3%
105.8000031	2	1.3%
96.90000153	2	1.3%
Other values (15)	15	9.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
86.59999847	2	1.3%
88.40000153	1	0.6%
91.30000305	2	1.3%
93	1	0.6%
93.09999847	5	3.1%
93.30000305	1	0.6%
93.69999695	19	11.9%
94.5	17	10.7%
95.09999847	1	0.6%
95.69999695	13	8.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
115.5999985	1	0.6%
113	1	0.6%
110	2	1.3%
109.0999985	5	3.1%
108	1	0.6%
107.9000015	6	3.8%
106.6999969	1	0.6%
105.8000031	2	1.3%
104.9000015	1	0.6%
104.5	1	0.6%

length
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	56
Unique (%)	35.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	172.41383726491867
Minimum	141.10000610351562
Maximum	202.6000061035156
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	141.1000061
5-th percentile	157.0800049
Q1	165.6500015
median	172.3999939
Q3	177.8000031
95-th percentile	188.8000031
Maximum	202.6000061
Range	61.5
Interquartile range (IQR)	12.15000153

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	11.52317679
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.06683440824
Kurtosis	-0.2076848768
Mean	172.4138373
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6.100006104
Skewness	-0.0659752615
Sum	27413.80013
Variance	132.7836033

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
157.3000031	14	8.8%
188.8000031	11	6.9%
186.6999969	7	4.4%
171.6999969	7	4.4%
166.3000031	7	4.4%
165.3000031	6	3.8%
176.1999969	6	3.8%
186.6000061	6	3.8%
172	5	3.1%
177.8000031	5	3.1%
175.6000061	5	3.1%
172.3999939	4	2.5%
176.8000031	4	2.5%
168.6999969	4	2.5%
158.6999969	3	1.9%
169.6999969	3	1.9%
175.3999939	3	1.9%
150	3	1.9%
159.1000061	3	1.9%
170.1999969	2	1.3%
174.6000061	2	1.3%
170.6999969	2	1.3%
173.6000061	2	1.3%
176.6000061	2	1.3%
192.6999969	2	1.3%
Other values (31)	41	25.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
141.1000061	1	0.6%
144.6000061	2	1.3%
150	3	1.9%
155.8999939	1	0.6%
156.8999939	1	0.6%
157.1000061	1	0.6%
157.3000031	14	8.8%
157.8999939	1	0.6%
158.6999969	3	1.9%
158.8000031	1	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
202.6000061	1	0.6%
199.6000061	1	0.6%
192.6999969	2	1.3%
190.8999939	2	1.3%
188.8000031	11	6.9%
187.8000031	1	0.6%
187.5	1	0.6%
186.6999969	7	4.4%
186.6000061	6	3.8%
184.6000061	2	1.3%

width
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	33
Unique (%)	20.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	65.60754711223099
Minimum	60.29999923706055
Maximum	71.69999694824219
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	60.29999924
5-th percentile	63.59999847
Q1	64
median	65.40000153
Q3	66.5
95-th percentile	68.97000122
Maximum	71.69999695
Range	11.39999771
Interquartile range (IQR)	2.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.947882979
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.02968992235
Kurtosis	0.8514330528
Mean	65.60754711
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.200004578
Skewness	0.9168458778
Sum	10431.59999
Variance	3.794248101

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
63.79999924	23	14.5%
66.5	20	12.6%
65.40000153	15	9.4%
64.40000153	10	6.3%
63.59999847	9	5.7%
64	9	5.7%
65.5	7	4.4%
65.59999847	6	3.8%
68.40000153	6	3.8%
67.19999695	6	3.8%
65.19999695	6	3.8%
64.19999695	5	3.1%
68.90000153	4	2.5%
64.80000305	4	2.5%
63.90000153	3	1.9%
67.90000153	3	1.9%
70.30000305	3	1.9%
64.59999847	2	1.3%
71.40000153	2	1.3%
67.69999695	2	1.3%
68.30000305	2	1.3%
66.40000153	1	0.6%
63.40000153	1	0.6%
71.69999695	1	0.6%
66.19999695	1	0.6%
Other values (8)	8	5.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
60.29999924	1	0.6%
62.5	1	0.6%
63.40000153	1	0.6%
63.59999847	9	5.7%
63.79999924	23	14.5%
63.90000153	3	1.9%
64	9	5.7%
64.19999695	5	3.1%
64.40000153	10	6.3%
64.59999847	2	1.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
71.69999695	1	0.6%
71.40000153	2	1.3%
70.5	1	0.6%
70.30000305	3	1.9%
69.59999847	1	0.6%
68.90000153	4	2.5%
68.80000305	1	0.6%
68.40000153	6	3.8%
68.30000305	2	1.3%
67.90000153	3	1.9%

height
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	39
Unique (%)	24.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	53.89937082926432
Minimum	49.4000015258789
Maximum	59.79999923706055
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	49.40000153
5-th percentile	50.59999847
Q1	52.25
median	54.09999847
Q3	55.5
95-th percentile	57.5
Maximum	59.79999924
Range	10.39999771
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.268761441
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.04209254035
Kurtosis	-0.2797115717
Mean	53.89937083
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.599998474
Skewness	0.1684023378
Sum	8569.999962
Variance	5.147278478

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
50.79999924	14	8.8%
54.5	10	6.3%
55.70000076	9	5.7%
54.09999847	9	5.7%
52	9	5.7%
54.29999924	8	5.0%
55.5	8	5.0%
52.59999847	7	4.4%
56.09999847	7	4.4%
56.70000076	6	3.8%
53	6	3.8%
54.90000153	6	3.8%
52.79999924	5	3.1%
50.59999847	4	2.5%
51.59999847	4	2.5%
53.29999924	4	2.5%
53.70000076	4	2.5%
49.70000076	3	1.9%
52.5	3	1.9%
57.5	3	1.9%
59.09999847	3	1.9%
56.20000076	3	1.9%
54.70000076	2	1.3%
50.20000076	2	1.3%
59.79999924	2	1.3%
Other values (14)	18	11.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
49.40000153	2	1.3%
49.70000076	3	1.9%
50.20000076	2	1.3%
50.59999847	4	2.5%
50.79999924	14	8.8%
51	1	0.6%
51.40000153	1	0.6%
51.59999847	4	2.5%
52	9	5.7%
52.5	3	1.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
59.79999924	2	1.3%
59.09999847	3	1.9%
58.70000076	1	0.6%
58.29999924	1	0.6%
57.5	3	1.9%
56.70000076	6	3.8%
56.5	1	0.6%
56.29999924	1	0.6%
56.20000076	3	1.9%
56.09999847	7	4.4%

curb-weight
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	136
Unique (%)	85.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2461.1383647798743
Minimum	1488.0
Maximum	4066.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1488
5-th percentile	1889.9
Q1	2065.5
median	2340
Q3	2809.5
95-th percentile	3252
Maximum	4066
Range	2578
Interquartile range (IQR)	744

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	481.9413205
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.19582049
Kurtosis	0.1534114134
Mean	2461.138365
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	332
Skewness	0.7820354281
Sum	391321
Variance	232267.4364

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2275	3	1.9%
1918	3	1.9%
1989	3	1.9%
2385	3	1.9%
3139	2	1.3%
2145	2	1.3%
1967	2	1.3%
3075	2	1.3%
3252	2	1.3%
2024	2	1.3%
2410	2	1.3%
2535	2	1.3%
2395	2	1.3%
2403	2	1.3%
2128	2	1.3%
1876	2	1.3%
2290	2	1.3%
2300	2	1.3%
2414	2	1.3%
2975	1	0.6%
2221	1	0.6%
2952	1	0.6%
2169	1	0.6%
2191	1	0.6%
3685	1	0.6%
Other values (111)	111	69.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1488	1	0.6%
1713	1	0.6%
1819	1	0.6%
1837	1	0.6%
1874	1	0.6%
1876	2	1.3%
1889	1	0.6%
1890	1	0.6%
1900	1	0.6%
1905	1	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4066	1	0.6%
3770	1	0.6%
3750	1	0.6%
3685	1	0.6%
3515	1	0.6%
3495	1	0.6%
3296	1	0.6%
3252	2	1.3%
3217	1	0.6%
3197	1	0.6%

engine-size
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	32
Unique (%)	20.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	119.22641509433963
Minimum	61.0
Maximum	258.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	61
5-th percentile	90
Q1	97
median	110
Q3	135
95-th percentile	181
Maximum	258
Range	197
Interquartile range (IQR)	38

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	30.46079126
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2554869341
Kurtosis	2.950273357
Mean	119.2264151
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	1.490609644
Sum	18957
Variance	927.8598042

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
92	15	9.4%
122	14	8.8%
98	13	8.2%
97	13	8.2%
108	13	8.2%
110	12	7.5%
90	10	6.3%
141	7	4.4%
181	6	3.8%
109	6	3.8%
121	6	3.8%
146	6	3.8%
91	5	3.1%
120	5	3.1%
183	4	2.5%
152	3	1.9%
171	3	1.9%
136	2	1.3%
164	2	1.3%
130	2	1.3%
131	1	0.6%
61	1	0.6%
145	1	0.6%
156	1	0.6%
79	1	0.6%
Other values (7)	7	4.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
61	1	0.6%
79	1	0.6%
90	10	6.3%
91	5	3.1%
92	15	9.4%
97	13	8.2%
98	13	8.2%
103	1	0.6%
108	13	8.2%
109	6	3.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
258	1	0.6%
234	1	0.6%
183	4	2.5%
181	6	3.8%
173	1	0.6%
171	3	1.9%
164	2	1.3%
156	1	0.6%
152	3	1.9%
151	1	0.6%

bore
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	33
Unique (%)	20.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.3001257863434605
Minimum	2.539999961853028
Maximum	3.940000057220459
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.539999962
5-th percentile	2.919000077
Q1	3.049999952
median	3.269999981
Q3	3.559999943
95-th percentile	3.761999989
Maximum	3.940000057
Range	1.400000095
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.5099999905

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2673355968
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.08100769912
Kurtosis	-0.8231749171
Mean	3.300125786
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.2400000095
Skewness	0.1564222657
Sum	524.72
Variance	0.0714683213

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.619999886	20	12.6%
3.190000057	15	9.4%
3.150000095	15	9.4%
2.970000029	12	7.5%
3.029999971	9	5.7%
3.779999971	7	4.4%
2.910000086	7	4.4%
3.430000067	6	3.8%
3.049999952	6	3.8%
3.309999943	6	3.8%
3.269999981	6	3.8%
3.579999924	5	3.1%
3.390000105	5	3.1%
3.539999962	5	3.1%
3.349999905	4	2.5%
3.00999999	4	2.5%
3.460000038	4	2.5%
3.170000076	3	1.9%
3.700000048	3	1.9%
3.24000001	2	1.3%
3.5	2	1.3%
3.329999924	2	1.3%
2.99000001	1	0.6%
3.599999905	1	0.6%
2.539999962	1	0.6%
Other values (8)	8	5.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.539999962	1	0.6%
2.910000086	7	4.4%
2.920000076	1	0.6%
2.970000029	12	7.5%
2.99000001	1	0.6%
3.00999999	4	2.5%
3.029999971	9	5.7%
3.049999952	6	3.8%
3.079999924	1	0.6%
3.130000114	1	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.940000057	1	0.6%
3.779999971	7	4.4%
3.75999999	1	0.6%
3.700000048	3	1.9%
3.630000114	1	0.6%
3.619999886	20	12.6%
3.609999895	1	0.6%
3.599999905	1	0.6%
3.579999924	5	3.1%
3.539999962	5	3.1%

stroke
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	31
Unique (%)	19.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.2363522217708565
Minimum	2.0699999332427983
Maximum	4.170000076293944
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2.069999933
5-th percentile	2.640000105
Q1	3.1049999
median	3.269999981
Q3	3.410000086
95-th percentile	3.579999924
Maximum	4.170000076
Range	2.100000143
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.305000186

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.2948877118
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.09111731096
Kurtosis	2.531782477
Mean	3.236352222
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1400001049
Skewness	-0.9927430841
Sum	514.5800033
Variance	0.08695876254

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3.029999971	14	8.8%
3.150000095	14	8.8%
3.400000095	13	8.2%
3.230000019	12	7.5%
2.640000105	11	6.9%
3.289999962	9	5.7%
3.460000038	8	5.0%
3.390000105	8	5.0%
3.5	6	3.8%
3.579999924	6	3.8%
3.410000086	6	3.8%
3.349999905	6	3.8%
3.269999981	6	3.8%
3.069999933	6	3.8%
3.640000105	4	2.5%
3.190000057	4	2.5%
3.539999962	4	2.5%
3.109999895	3	1.9%
3.470000029	3	1.9%
3.519999981	3	1.9%
3.079999924	2	1.3%
2.799999952	2	1.3%
3.900000095	1	0.6%
3.160000086	1	0.6%
2.359999895	1	0.6%
Other values (6)	6	3.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.069999933	1	0.6%
2.190000057	1	0.6%
2.359999895	1	0.6%
2.640000105	11	6.9%
2.799999952	2	1.3%
2.869999886	1	0.6%
3.029999971	14	8.8%
3.069999933	6	3.8%
3.079999924	2	1.3%
3.099999905	1	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4.170000076	1	0.6%
3.900000095	1	0.6%
3.640000105	4	2.5%
3.579999924	6	3.8%
3.539999962	4	2.5%
3.519999981	3	1.9%
3.5	6	3.8%
3.470000029	3	1.9%
3.460000038	8	5.0%
3.410000086	6	3.8%

compression-ratio
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	29
Unique (%)	18.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	10.16113204176321
Minimum	7.0
Maximum	23.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	7
5-th percentile	7.599999905
Q1	8.699999809
median	9
Q3	9.399999619
95-th percentile	21.53999996
Maximum	23
Range	16
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.6999998093

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.889474596
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3827796529
Kurtosis	5.725789822
Mean	10.16113204
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.3999996185
Skewness	2.710241708
Sum	1615.619995
Variance	15.12801263

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	41	25.8%
9.399999619	22	13.8%
9.300000191	11	6.9%
9.5	10	6.3%
8.5	9	5.7%
8.699999809	7	4.4%
9.199999809	6	3.8%
7.5	5	3.1%
8.600000381	5	3.1%
21.5	4	2.5%
23	4	2.5%
8.800000191	3	1.9%
22.5	3	1.9%
21	3	1.9%
8.399999619	3	1.9%
9.600000381	3	1.9%
7.599999905	3	1.9%
7	2	1.3%
8	2	1.3%
8.300000191	2	1.3%
10	2	1.3%
7.699999809	2	1.3%
21.89999962	1	0.6%
9.31000042	1	0.6%
7.800000191	1	0.6%
Other values (4)	4	2.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7	2	1.3%
7.5	5	3.1%
7.599999905	3	1.9%
7.699999809	2	1.3%
7.800000191	1	0.6%
8	2	1.3%
8.100000381	1	0.6%
8.300000191	2	1.3%
8.399999619	3	1.9%
8.5	9	5.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
23	4	2.5%
22.5	3	1.9%
21.89999962	1	0.6%
21.5	4	2.5%
21	3	1.9%
10.10000038	1	0.6%
10	2	1.3%
9.600000381	3	1.9%
9.5	10	6.3%
9.409999847	1	0.6%

horsepower
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	48
Unique (%)	30.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	95.83647798742139
Minimum	48.0
Maximum	200.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	48
5-th percentile	61.8
Q1	69
median	88
Q3	114
95-th percentile	160
Maximum	200
Range	152
Interquartile range (IQR)	45

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	30.71858264
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.320531214
Kurtosis	0.2988772307
Mean	95.83647799
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	20
Skewness	0.9166625562
Sum	15238
Variance	943.6313192

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
68	18	11.3%
69	10	6.3%
70	9	5.7%
116	9	5.7%
114	6	3.8%
62	6	3.8%
76	5	3.1%
88	5	3.1%
84	5	3.1%
110	5	3.1%
160	5	3.1%
82	5	3.1%
95	4	2.5%
86	4	2.5%
123	4	2.5%
97	4	2.5%
102	4	2.5%
92	4	2.5%
101	3	1.9%
73	3	1.9%
152	3	1.9%
85	3	1.9%
162	2	1.3%
100	2	1.3%
52	2	1.3%
Other values (23)	29	18.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
48	1	0.6%
52	2	1.3%
55	1	0.6%
56	2	1.3%
58	1	0.6%
60	1	0.6%
62	6	3.8%
68	18	11.3%
69	10	6.3%
70	9	5.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
200	1	0.6%
176	1	0.6%
162	2	1.3%
161	2	1.3%
160	5	3.1%
156	1	0.6%
155	1	0.6%
152	3	1.9%
145	1	0.6%
143	1	0.6%

peak-rpm
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	20
Unique (%)	12.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	5113.836477987421
Minimum	4150.0
Maximum	6600.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	4150
5-th percentile	4250
Q1	4800
median	5200
Q3	5500
95-th percentile	5800
Maximum	6600
Range	2450
Interquartile range (IQR)	700

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	465.754864
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.09107738701
Kurtosis	0.4002570935
Mean	5113.836478
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	300
Skewness	0.1482521885
Sum	813100
Variance	216927.5933

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4800	35	22.0%
5500	30	18.9%
5200	22	13.8%
5000	15	9.4%
5400	8	5.0%
5250	7	4.4%
5800	7	4.4%
6000	5	3.1%
4350	4	2.5%
4200	4	2.5%
4500	4	2.5%
4400	3	1.9%
4150	3	1.9%
5100	3	1.9%
6600	2	1.3%
4250	2	1.3%
4750	2	1.3%
4900	1	0.6%
5600	1	0.6%
5300	1	0.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4150	3	1.9%
4200	4	2.5%
4250	2	1.3%
4350	4	2.5%
4400	3	1.9%
4500	4	2.5%
4750	2	1.3%
4800	35	22.0%
4900	1	0.6%
5000	15	9.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6600	2	1.3%
6000	5	3.1%
5800	7	4.4%
5600	1	0.6%
5500	30	18.9%
5400	8	5.0%
5300	1	0.6%
5250	7	4.4%
5200	22	13.8%
5100	3	1.9%

city-mpg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	25
Unique (%)	15.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	26.52201257861635
Minimum	15.0
Maximum	49.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	15
5-th percentile	17.9
Q1	23
median	26
Q3	31
95-th percentile	37.1
Maximum	49
Range	34
Interquartile range (IQR)	8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.097142387
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2298898837
Kurtosis	1.149275634
Mean	26.52201258
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4
Skewness	0.7336655532
Sum	4217
Variance	37.17514529

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
31	27	17.0%
24	18	11.3%
19	15	9.4%
27	14	8.8%
26	12	7.5%
23	10	6.3%
30	8	5.0%
28	7	4.4%
21	6	3.8%
17	6	3.8%
37	6	3.8%
25	5	3.1%
38	5	3.1%
22	4	2.5%
18	3	1.9%
29	3	1.9%
20	2	1.3%
34	1	0.6%
32	1	0.6%
47	1	0.6%
35	1	0.6%
15	1	0.6%
16	1	0.6%
45	1	0.6%
49	1	0.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
15	1	0.6%
16	1	0.6%
17	6	3.8%
18	3	1.9%
19	15	9.4%
20	2	1.3%
21	6	3.8%
22	4	2.5%
23	10	6.3%
24	18	11.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
49	1	0.6%
47	1	0.6%
45	1	0.6%
38	5	3.1%
37	6	3.8%
35	1	0.6%
34	1	0.6%
32	1	0.6%
31	27	17.0%
30	8	5.0%

highway-mpg
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	28
Unique (%)	17.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	32.081761006289305
Minimum	18.0
Maximum	54.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	18
5-th percentile	22.9
Q1	28
median	32
Q3	37
95-th percentile	43
Maximum	54
Range	36
Interquartile range (IQR)	9

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.459188876
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2013352345
Kurtosis	0.8291311169
Mean	32.08176101
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4
Skewness	0.6010520289
Sum	5101
Variance	41.72112093

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
32	16	10.1%
38	16	10.1%
30	15	9.4%
34	14	8.8%
37	13	8.2%
28	12	7.5%
25	11	6.9%
33	9	5.7%
24	8	5.0%
29	7	4.4%
22	5	3.1%
31	5	3.1%
27	3	1.9%
41	3	1.9%
23	3	1.9%
26	2	1.3%
43	2	1.3%
46	2	1.3%
42	2	1.3%
47	2	1.3%
36	2	1.3%
39	1	0.6%
53	1	0.6%
19	1	0.6%
20	1	0.6%
Other values (3)	3	1.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
18	1	0.6%
19	1	0.6%
20	1	0.6%
22	5	3.1%
23	3	1.9%
24	8	5.0%
25	11	6.9%
26	2	1.3%
27	3	1.9%
28	12	7.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
54	1	0.6%
53	1	0.6%
50	1	0.6%
47	2	1.3%
46	2	1.3%
43	2	1.3%
42	2	1.3%
41	3	1.9%
39	1	0.6%
38	16	10.1%

target
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	145
Unique (%)	91.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	11445.729559748428
Minimum	5118.0
Maximum	35056.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	1.4 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	5118
5-th percentile	5572
Q1	7372
median	9233
Q3	14719.5
95-th percentile	22485.5
Maximum	35056
Range	29938
Interquartile range (IQR)	7347.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5877.856195
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5135414186
Kurtosis	2.599731776
Mean	11445.72956
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2384
Skewness	1.591601023
Sum	1819871
Variance	34549193.45

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5572	2	1.3%
7898	2	1.3%
13499	2	1.3%
7609	2	1.3%
8845	2	1.3%
6692	2	1.3%
9279	2	1.3%
7295	2	1.3%
7957	2	1.3%
6229	2	1.3%
7775	2	1.3%
8495	2	1.3%
18150	2	1.3%
8921	2	1.3%
7299	1	0.6%
22470	1	0.6%
9980	1	0.6%
9960	1	0.6%
22018	1	0.6%
8948	1	0.6%
11259	1	0.6%
9258	1	0.6%
5389	1	0.6%
6488	1	0.6%
9233	1	0.6%
Other values (120)	120	75.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5118	1	0.6%
5151	1	0.6%
5195	1	0.6%
5348	1	0.6%
5389	1	0.6%
5399	1	0.6%
5499	1	0.6%
5572	2	1.3%
6095	1	0.6%
6189	1	0.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
35056	1	0.6%
32250	1	0.6%
31600	1	0.6%
28248	1	0.6%
28176	1	0.6%
25552	1	0.6%
23875	1	0.6%
22625	1	0.6%
22470	1	0.6%
22018	1	0.6%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	symboling	normalized-losses	wheel-base	length	width	height	curb-weight	engine-size	bore	stroke	compression-ratio	horsepower	peak-rpm	city-mpg	highway-mpg	target
0	5.0	164.0	99.800003	176.600006	66.199997	54.299999	2337.0	109.0	3.19	3.40	10.0	102.0	5500.0	24.0	30.0	13950.0
1	5.0	164.0	99.400002	176.600006	66.400002	54.299999	2824.0	136.0	3.19	3.40	8.0	115.0	5500.0	18.0	22.0	17450.0
2	4.0	158.0	105.800003	192.699997	71.400002	55.700001	2844.0	136.0	3.19	3.40	8.5	110.0	5500.0	19.0	25.0	17710.0
3	4.0	158.0	105.800003	192.699997	71.400002	55.900002	3086.0	131.0	3.13	3.40	8.3	140.0	5500.0	17.0	20.0	23875.0
4	5.0	192.0	101.199997	176.800003	64.800003	54.299999	2395.0	108.0	3.50	2.80	8.8	101.0	5800.0	23.0	29.0	16430.0
5	3.0	192.0	101.199997	176.800003	64.800003	54.299999	2395.0	108.0	3.50	2.80	8.8	101.0	5800.0	23.0	29.0	16925.0
6	3.0	188.0	101.199997	176.800003	64.800003	54.299999	2710.0	164.0	3.31	3.19	9.0	121.0	4250.0	21.0	28.0	20970.0
7	3.0	188.0	101.199997	176.800003	64.800003	54.299999	2765.0	164.0	3.31	3.19	9.0	121.0	4250.0	21.0	28.0	21105.0
8	5.0	121.0	88.400002	141.100006	60.299999	53.200001	1488.0	61.0	2.91	3.03	9.5	48.0	5100.0	47.0	53.0	5151.0
9	4.0	98.0	94.500000	155.899994	63.599998	52.000000	1874.0	90.0	3.03	3.11	9.6	70.0	5400.0	38.0	43.0	6295.0

Last rows

	symboling	normalized-losses	wheel-base	length	width	height	curb-weight	engine-size	bore	stroke	compression-ratio	horsepower	peak-rpm	city-mpg	highway-mpg	target
149	2.0	74.0	104.300003	188.800003	67.199997	57.500000	3034.0	141.0	3.78	3.15	9.5	114.0	5400.0	23.0	28.0	13415.0
150	1.0	103.0	104.300003	188.800003	67.199997	56.200001	2935.0	141.0	3.78	3.15	9.5	114.0	5400.0	24.0	28.0	15985.0
151	2.0	74.0	104.300003	188.800003	67.199997	57.500000	3042.0	141.0	3.78	3.15	9.5	114.0	5400.0	24.0	28.0	16515.0
152	1.0	103.0	104.300003	188.800003	67.199997	56.200001	3045.0	130.0	3.62	3.15	7.5	162.0	5100.0	17.0	22.0	18420.0
153	2.0	74.0	104.300003	188.800003	67.199997	57.500000	3157.0	130.0	3.62	3.15	7.5	162.0	5100.0	17.0	22.0	18950.0
154	2.0	95.0	109.099998	188.800003	68.900002	55.500000	2952.0	141.0	3.78	3.15	9.5	114.0	5400.0	23.0	28.0	16845.0
155	2.0	95.0	109.099998	188.800003	68.800003	55.500000	3049.0	141.0	3.78	3.15	8.7	160.0	5300.0	19.0	25.0	19045.0
156	2.0	95.0	109.099998	188.800003	68.900002	55.500000	3012.0	173.0	3.58	2.87	8.8	134.0	5500.0	18.0	23.0	21485.0
157	2.0	95.0	109.099998	188.800003	68.900002	55.500000	3217.0	145.0	3.01	3.40	23.0	106.0	4800.0	26.0	27.0	22470.0
158	2.0	95.0	109.099998	188.800003	68.900002	55.500000	3062.0	141.0	3.78	3.15	9.5	114.0	5400.0	19.0	25.0	22625.0

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows