Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 3 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 52 |
| Missing cells | 0 |
| Missing cells (%) | 0.0% |
| Duplicate rows | 1 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 1.9% |
| Total size in memory | 1.3 KiB |
| Average record size in memory | 26.5 B |
Variable types
| NUM | 3 |
|---|
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2020-08-24 23:51:10.967542 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2020-08-24 23:51:12.496301 |
| Duration | 1.53 second |
| Version | pandas-profiling v2.8.0 |
| Command line | pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv] |
| Download configuration | config.yaml |
| Dataset has 1 (1.9%) duplicate rows | Duplicates |
lugs_1989 has 2 (3.8%) zeros | Zeros |
| Distinct count | 14 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 26.9% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.2788461538461537 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 8.0 |
| Zeros | 2 |
| Zeros (%) | 3.8% |
| Memory size | 544.0 B |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.5 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 3 |
| Q3 | 5 |
| 95-th percentile | 6.225 |
| Maximum | 8 |
| Range | 8 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 3 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.938802596 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.5913063635 |
| Kurtosis | -0.7459003552 |
| Mean | 3.278846154 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 1.5 |
| Skewness | 0.2696733472 |
| Sum | 170.5 |
| Variance | 3.758955505 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 2 | 9 | 17.3% | |
| 3 | 8 | 15.4% | |
| 5 | 7 | 13.5% | |
| 4 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 1 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 6 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 1.5 | 3 | 5.8% | |
| 0 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 0.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 6.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 4.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 5.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 8 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 3.5 | 1 | 1.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 0.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 1 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 1.5 | 3 | 5.8% | |
| 2 | 9 | 17.3% | |
| 3 | 8 | 15.4% | |
| 3.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 4 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 4.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 5 | 7 | 13.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 8 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 6.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 6 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 5.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 5 | 7 | 13.5% | |
| 4.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 4 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 3.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 3 | 8 | 15.4% | |
| 2 | 9 | 17.3% |
lugs_1990
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 16 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 30.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 9.653846153846153 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 2.5 |
| Maximum | 14.0 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 544.0 B |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 2.5 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 5.55 |
| Q1 | 8 |
| median | 10 |
| Q3 | 11 |
| 95-th percentile | 13 |
| Maximum | 14 |
| Range | 11.5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 3 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 2.337961366 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.242179265 |
| Kurtosis | 0.5785891129 |
| Mean | 9.653846154 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 1.75 |
| Skewness | -0.660782564 |
| Sum | 502 |
| Variance | 5.466063348 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 10 | 11 | 21.2% | |
| 11 | 9 | 17.3% | |
| 8 | 7 | 13.5% | |
| 7 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 13 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 12 | 3 | 5.8% | |
| 7.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 11.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 9 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 2.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 6 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 14 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 12.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 10.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 9.5 | 1 | 1.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 2.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 6 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 7 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 7.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 8 | 7 | 13.5% | |
| 9 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 9.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 10 | 11 | 21.2% | |
| 10.5 | 1 | 1.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 14 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 13 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 12.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 12 | 3 | 5.8% | |
| 11.5 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 11 | 9 | 17.3% | |
| 10.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 10 | 11 | 21.2% | |
| 9.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 9 | 2 | 3.8% |
target
Real number (ℝ≥0)
| Distinct count | 19 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 36.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 18.08653846153846 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 2.5 |
| Maximum | 26.0 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 544.0 B |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 2.5 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 10.325 |
| Q1 | 16 |
| median | 19.5 |
| Q3 | 21 |
| 95-th percentile | 23 |
| Maximum | 26 |
| Range | 23.5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 5 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 4.394427347 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2429667432 |
| Kurtosis | 2.104371593 |
| Mean | 18.08653846 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 2.5 |
| Skewness | -1.156232682 |
| Sum | 940.5 |
| Variance | 19.3109917 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 20 | 10 | 19.2% | |
| 21 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 17 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 15 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 23 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 16 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 22 | 3 | 5.8% | |
| 11 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 18 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 19 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 17.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 20.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 2.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 26 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 8.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 24 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 14 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 12 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 9.5 | 1 | 1.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 2.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 8.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 9.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 11 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 12 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 14 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 15 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 16 | 4 | 7.7% | |
| 17 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 17.5 | 1 | 1.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 26 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 24 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 23 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 22 | 3 | 5.8% | |
| 21 | 5 | 9.6% | |
| 20.5 | 1 | 1.9% | |
| 20 | 10 | 19.2% | |
| 19 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 18 | 2 | 3.8% | |
| 17.5 | 1 | 1.9% |
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.First rows
| lugs_1989 | lugs_1990 | target | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 9.5 |
| 1 | 3.0 | 8.0 | 17.5 |
| 2 | 3.0 | 11.0 | 18.0 |
| 3 | 3.0 | 9.0 | 20.0 |
| 4 | 5.0 | 9.5 | 20.5 |
| 5 | 3.5 | 10.0 | 20.0 |
| 6 | 3.0 | 12.0 | 19.0 |
| 7 | 4.5 | 10.0 | 21.0 |
| 8 | 5.0 | 11.5 | 19.0 |
| 9 | 5.0 | 10.0 | 26.0 |
Last rows
| lugs_1989 | lugs_1990 | target | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42 | 1.5 | 8.0 | 17.0 |
| 43 | 1.5 | 11.0 | 17.0 |
| 44 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 20.0 |
| 45 | 1.0 | 7.0 | 15.0 |
| 46 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 14.0 |
| 47 | 1.0 | 7.0 | 12.0 |
| 48 | 0.5 | 8.0 | 11.0 |
| 49 | 0.5 | 6.0 | 11.0 |
| 50 | 0.0 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| 51 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
Most frequent
| lugs_1989 | lugs_1990 | target | count | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 15.0 | 2 |